SAF is made from sustainably sourced, 100 percent renewable waste and residue raw materials, such as used cooking oil, and feedstocks. Neste MY SAF meets ASTM D-1655 specification for conventional jet fuel and performance standards under all operating conditions.

Industry officials note this makes SAF an optimum solution for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from air travel without requiring new investments or modifications to aircraft or fuel infrastructure.

Embraer began using SAF in its operation at KMLB in 2021 when Avfuel would deliver one 8,000-gallon truckload of Neste MY SAF per quarter to Sheltair, the executive level FBO that supports Embraer operations.

• READ MORE: Boeing Ready to Buy 7.5 Million Gallons of SAF

“Sheltair is excited to support Embraer by handling and storing these SAF deliveries, ” said Leonel Rivera, senior vice president of FBO operations for Sheltair. “This collaboration between Sheltair, Embraer, and Avfuel shows our commitment to reaching the industry’s goal of net-zero carbon emissions by 2050. By combining our knowledge and resources, we will be able to handle and store weekly fuel deliveries of SAF.”

According to a statement from Embraer, the once-a-week delivery began in April. The extended partnership is expected to result in a total of 240,000 U.S. gallons of SAF delivered to Embraer in 2024, representing a significant increase when compared to previous years. According to the company, each truckload will provide a 19 metric ton reduction in carbon emissions, resulting in a 570 metric ton reduction in carbon emissions for the year.

With its fleet of business aircraft including the Phenom 100EX, Phenom 300E, and the Praetor 500 and the Praetor 600, Embraer has been serving the needs of the corporate traveling community for more than 50 years.

• READ MORE: United Turns to Oscar the Grouch to Spread SAF Awareness

“Embraer’s collaboration with Avfuel and Sheltair marks a pivotal milestone in our journey toward net-zero emission flight operations,” said Michael Amalfitano, president and CEO of Embraer Executive Jets. “Our continued investment in SAF demonstrates our dedication to reducing emissions today and driving the industry closer to the net-zero aviation goal by 2050.” 

The post Embraer Partners With Avfuel to Increase SAF Use in Orlando appeared first on FLYING Magazine.

The corn is now used to make ethanol, which is added to gasoline, but the move to electric cars will diminish that market. Ethanol can be turned into jet-A, however, and will cut the carbon footprint of jet fuel.

• READ MORE: Boeing Ready to Buy 7.5 Million Gallons of SAF

The administration is proposing subsidies from $1.25 to $1.75 a gallon for farmers but only if they meet some conditions.

The farmers will have to use “climate-smart” farming practices, including the use of approved fertilizers. The resulting fuel must cut greenhouse gas emissions by at least half compared to jet-A made from fossil fuels.

• READ MORE: Business Aviation Industry Groups Aim to Speed Adoption of SAF

The measures were met with approval from the farm community, but environmentalists are less enthusiastic. They are concerned a flood of ethanol-based SAF will hinder development of fuels that are even greener that the corn-based product.

Editor’s Note: This article first appeared on AVweb.

The post Biden Administration Defines ‘Climate-Smart’ SAF Subsidy Program appeared first on FLYING Magazine.

The Pearl 10X has been selected by French aircraft manufacturer Dassault for its new Falcon 10X, the company’s ultralong-range flagship.

“We are excited to enter into this important next phase of the engine development program with the start of our flight test campaign,”  Philipp Zeller, senior vice president of Dassault’s business aviation division at Rolls-Royce, said in a statement. “All the tests completed to date confirm the reliability of the engine and show it will meet the performance requirements to power Dassault’s flagship, the Falcon 10X.”

• READ MORE: Rolls-Royce Tests Pearl Engines with 100 Percent Sustainable Aviation Fuel 

As part of the test campaign, the engines are fitted to a Boeing 747-200, which serves as Rolls-Royce’s flying test bed (FTB). 

The Tucson, Arizona-based FTB is capable of having a variety of engines fitted to it “to give them a real-life test run in the air, providing valuable performance data,” the company said. “As the aircraft usually has four engines, we can ensure safety at all times by having one test engine operating alongside three other engines that are already established in service.” 

During the latest round of engine tests, the FTB has five engines, according to the company: the Pearl 10X, a Trent 1000, and three RB211s.

Over the course of the coming months, flight testing will include engine performance and handling checks at various speeds and altitudes, in-flight relights, tests of the nacelle’s anti-icing system, as well as fan vibration tests at various altitudes, Rolls-Royce said.

• READ MORE: Rolls-Royce Confirms All of Its Current Engines Can Run On 100 Percent SAF

In October, Rolls-Royce announced it had successfully completed a series of tests for the Pearl 10X, and its Pearl 15 engines using 100 percent sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). The tests, which took place in Germany, “play a leading role in the journey to achieve net-zero flight by 2050,” the company said at the time.

The post Rolls-Royce Launches Flight Testing of Pearl 10X Engine appeared first on FLYING Magazine.

“Nothing surprises me,” says Vincent. “We were on a sugar high in 2021 and 2022, fed by essentially free money. Now with middle single-digit loan rates, we’re getting back to a more normal market.”

Adds Ron Epstein, senior equity analyst at Bank of America: “The COVID recovery was kind of a weird thing. We’re getting back to a normal [growth] trajectory pre-COVID.”

Rising interest rates haven’t yet been much of a damper on new aircraft sales, as up to 60 percent to 70 percent of purchases now are all cash or 50 percent cash down/50 percent financing. Less than one-third involve a large loan. Some buyers look at 6 percent aircraft loan rates in relation to the 8 percent returns they’re making on investments, so they’re choosing to finance aircraft purchases rather than tying up cash.

The current market cooldown is more related to supply chain snags, particularly as noted by the heads of Bombardier, Dassault, and Gulfstream. Éric Martel, Bombardier’s CEO, says fewer of the firm’s suppliers have problems, but the remaining ones have systemic issues that need remedial work. Bombardier has its own specialists embedded with key suppliers to provide support should issues arise.

Dassault chief Éric Trappier points out that supply chain issues in 2023 are worse than last year, partly from the fallout of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. Some materials, such as titanium, are in short supply, and European aerospace manufacturer’s energy costs have soared. In mid-July, Trappier disclosed that sales had slowed in the first half of 2023 as compared to the same period in 2022 in large part because of the war in Ukraine.

Gulfstream president Mark Burns says that while supply chains are constricted, the Savannah, Georgia, firm began reordering parts and materials two years ago, resulting in fewer challenges. Phebe Novakovic, CEO and chairman of General Dynamics, Gulfstream’s parent company, has modestly scaled back projected deliveries for 2023.

There’s an upside to supply chain snags, says Epstein, because “it prevents anybody from spoiling the party because it forces production discipline.” Simply put, manufacturers cannot flood the market with an oversupply of airplanes.

Market growth also is being constricted by aircraft certification delays. Similar to many other organizations, the FAA encouraged many employees to work remotely during the COVID-19 pandemic. Several staff members have been reluctant to move back to FAA offices after experiencing the freedom and flexibility of their remote workplaces. Industry observers claim sparsely staffed FAA certification offices are creating long delays in paperwork processing.

In addition, the FAA has doubled down on its aircraft certification checks in the wake of the Boeing 737 Max debacle, delaying by several months the type certification of the Dassault Falcon 6X and Gulfstream G700 and G800, plus potentially the Beechcraft Denali in 2025.

Prospects for smaller turbofan aircraft already in production remain bright. Cirrus, for instance, delivered 90 single-engine SF50 Vision Jets in 2022, according to the General Aviation Manufacturers Association (GAMA) aircraft shipment report. Demand for the entry-level Vision Jet remains strong because it’s an easy step up from Cirrus’ piston singles, owing to its combination of docile handling, human-centered flight deck design, passenger amenities, and top-notch customer support. It’s very similar to the success that Cessna enjoyed 50 years ago when it introduced the mild-performing, twin-turbofan Citation 500 as a modest step-up product from its 300- and 400-series piston twins.

The Vision Jet is the only turbofan aircraft as of yet to offer both a standard airframe parachute system and Garmin Autoland—branded Safe Return—providing unsurpassed peace of mind to occupants. Similar to the long-term growth plan that Cessna had with its Citation500 family, Cirrus is expected to develop faster, higher, and farther-flying turbofan aircraft as follow-on products to the Vision Jet. As FLYING previously reported, Cirrus Aircraft filed for a $300 million initial public offering on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange to provide funds for new aircraft development and increased pro-duction capacity, among other growth goals.

• READ MORE: We Fly: Cirrus Vision Jet G2+

Deliveries in the light jet twin-turbofan market continue slowly to decline, in large part because of the steep drop in demand for Embraer Phenom 100-series aircraft, once the most popular light jet by a wide margin.

Phenom 100 deliveries soared during its first two full production years (2009-2010) for the 100, with Embraer producing nearly 200 units. The Phenom 100 completely eclipsed its archrival, the Cessna Citation CJ1+, a light jet that was $1 million more expensive and somewhat slower. The Phenom 100’s introductory price was on par with the Cessna CE-510 Mustang, but its cabin cross section was nearly as big as the Learjet 45. The Phenom 100’s tall stance and airstair door made it look even larger than its actual size, adding to its perceived value. Owner pilots also favored the Phenom 100’s Garmin G1000 avionics package over the CJ1+’s Collins Pro Line 21 system.

Three years later, Textron Aviation responded by delivering Citation M2, a CJ1 variant with more thrust, Garmin G3000 avionics, a plusher interior than the Embraer, a 40-plus-knot cruise speed advantage, 160 nm more range, and a more attractive price tag than CJ1+. Within a few years, M2 took the sales lead from Embraer in this class and it clearly has maintained it. M2 steadily is catching the Phenom 100 in total sales, with Textron now having delivered more than 340 Citation M2 jets compared to Embraer’s 400-plus Phenom 100 aircraft.

M2 deliveries also surpass those of HA-420 HondaJet, despite the latter’s having a roomier cabin, higher cruise speeds and, arguably, the quietest interior in the light jet class. The Citation, however, offers superior runway performance and a roughly $800,000 lower price.

Veteran buyers also are keen on product support, giving Textron Aviation a major competitive edge over Embraer and Honda Aircraft, according to some industry observers. Textron Aviation delivered nearly double the number of M2 jets in 2022 compared to the HondaJet, and it’s on track to preserve a similar margin in 2023. Phenom 100 comes in a distant third.

Competition in the upper end of the light jet market is far different. Three competitors, Embraer’s Phenom 300E and Textron Aviation’s Citation CJ3+ and CJ4 Gen2 face off. The Brazilian offering has compelling advantages—biggest cabin volume, lowest cabin altitude, longest range, highest cruise speed, and smallest price. Phenom 300/300E deliveries, as a result, now exceed those of CJ3+ and CJ4 Gen2 combined. The Phenom 300 also siphoned off so many Learjet 75 orders that Bombardier was compelled to shut down production. Notably, the Phenom 300 has been the best-selling light jet for more than a decade. And it’s the only light jet to be purchased by all three major fractional aircraft operators—NetJets, Flexjet, and Airshare.

The upmarket Pilatus PC-24 resides in a class of its own, straddling the boundary between light jets and midsize aircraft. Its 18,300-pound max takeoff weight, fuel efficiency, single-pilot certification, and runway performance make it competitive. Its 500-cubic-foot cabin volume, flat floor, standard autothrottles, and 400-knot block speed nudge it into the midsize niche. The right engine has a special low idle rpm ground mode that enables it to double as an APU, thereby providing heating, air conditioning, and electrical power when the aircraft is parked. The PC-24 is the only jet in either class to have a 4.2-foot high by 4.1-foot wide aft cargo door. It can use unpaved runways, just like the PC-12 NGX turboprop. That increases the number of landing facilities it can use from 10,650 to 21,000.

Textron Aviation’s Citation Ascend, the fifth-generation Citation CE-560XL, is the last remaining truly midsize class jet. Gone are Citation III/VI/VII, Hawker800, Gulfstream G150, and Learjet 60. None had the 560XL’s blend of short-field performance, cabin comfort, operating economics, and low purchase price—though it won’t reach the market until 2025.

Ascend could be the last member of the venerable CE-560XL family, a placeholder to buy time for Textron Aviation to develop a clean-sheet replacement aircraft with more speed, more range, and more cabin volume. At nearly $17 million, Ascend’s price point puts it close to the $18 million Embraer Praetor 500, a super-mid-size aircraft with 70 percent more range, 40 to 70 knots more speed, and half again more cabin volume.

• READ MORE: Citation Ascend Mock-Up to Debut at NBAA

The Praetor 500 can fly nonstop between almost any two U.S. continental coastal cities at Mach 0.80 against winter winds. It has the lowest cabin altitude in its class, 5,800 inside while cruising at 45,000 feet. It boasts full-tanks, full-seats loading flexibility. It has a wet galley, vacuum lavatory, and optional Viasat KA-band SatCom connectivity. It’s the least expensive jet in FLYING’s Buyers Guide to boast fly-by-wire flight controls, a technology that used to be available only on the most expensive jets from Bombardier, Dassault, and Gulfstream. Topping all that, it beats Citation Ascend’s short-field performance on equal length missions. However, being much heavier than Citation Ascend, Praetor 500 burns 20 to 25 percent more fuel.

• READ MORE: We Fly: Embraer Praetor 500

The super-midsize class remains one of the most hotly contested sectors with offerings from Bombardier, Gulfstream, and Textron, as well as Embraer. All contenders feature two cabin sections, typically configured with double-club seating or a single-club section up front and a divan plus two facing chairs at the rear. Bombardier Challenger 3500, the latest variant of the Challenger 300 that entered service in 2003, sports a cabin with nearly the same cross section as a Gulfstream V, lower cabin altitudes to reduce fatigue, more comfortable and stylish Nüage chairs and numerous connectivity and convenience upgrades.

The Challenger 300 series has been the bestseller in class for two decades because of its combination of cabin comfort, performance, operating economics, and dispatch reliability. With fat margins and fuel problems, it’s a cash cow for Bombardier. However, some industry analysts maintain Challenger 3500 is due for a major refresh to keep it competitive in the long term.

The Gulfstream G280 is the performance leader, capable of flying four passengers 3,700 nm at Mach 0.80, and eight passengers 3,500 nm at the same speed. Its cabin is slightly narrower than Challenger 3500, but it’s longer, so the volume is virtually the same. The G280 features a wing derived from the GV airfoil, albeit one with different twist and improved winglets. Fuel efficiency rivals the best class, a result of the low drag wing, fuel-efficient HTF7250G turbofans and comparatively high cruising altitudes. For example, it can climb directly to 43,000 feet on an ISA+10 degree Celsius day. Demand for G280 is getting stronger, with Gulfstream delivering 24 aircraft in 2022, according to GAMA.

Textron Aviation’s Citation Latitude is the firm’s bestselling jet, with 42 deliveries in 2022. Passengers love this airplane, especially its roomy aft lavatory. This low-risk derivative of the Model 680 Sovereign+ offers the largest cabin cross section of any Citation yet to enter production but one with impressive structural efficiency. Its increase in empty weight is less than 360 pounds compared to Sovereign+, while its cabin is 4 inches higher and 11 inches wider. It features the first flat floor in a Citation, a 9.66 psi pressurization system that maintains cabin altitude below 6,000 feet and a Garmin G5000 flight deck. Cabin width is about 5 inches narrower, and floor width is 7 inches less than in the Praetor 500, thus its cross section is the leanest in class. The Latitude’s typical block speed is 400 knots, so it’s optimized for two- to three-hour trips even though it has a 6.5-hour endurance.

• READ MORE: We Fly: Cessna Citation Latitude

The Latitude’s fraternal twin, the Citation Longitude, shares its cabin cross section, low cabin altitudes, and G5000 avionics package, but little else. The wing has a super-critical airfoil with 28.6 degrees of sweep at one-quarter chord. It’s powered by Honeywell HTF7000 series turbofans, considered best in class by Bombardier, Embraer, and Gulfstream. Normal cruises peed is Mach 0.80, so mission block times are nearly identical to those of Gulfstream G280.

The jet will fly four passengers 3,500 nm and eight passengers 3,400 nm at that speed, enabling it to cruise from New York to Paris, but not necessarily Paris to New York against winter headwinds. On typical two-to three-hour missions, the Longitude burns less fuel than the Latitude and its takeoff and landing distances are only slightly longer. Textron Aviation’s asking price is nearly $30 million, the highest in the super-midsize class, but that’s not dampening sales, again boosted by the company’s renowned product support and the air-plane’s unsurpassed low cabin noise levels. Textron Aviation delivered 26 units in 2022.

Embraer’s Praetor 600 is the value leader in this market niche. With a $21.5 million base price, it’s less than $2 million more than the Citation Latitude, yet it offers an extensive list of standard features. Along with the Praetor 500, it’s the only super-mid to have fly-by-wire flight controls. Its cabin cross is slightly smaller than either the Bombardier Challenger 3500 or Gulfstream G280 but larger than the Latitude or Longitude. Similar to the Citation Latitude and Praetor 500, there is no access to the unpressurized aft baggage compartment in flight. With a highest-in-class, 16,000-plus-pound fuel capacity, it can fly eight passengers 3,900 nm at long-range cruise. At Mach 0.80, range is close to 3,700 nm.

While orders are strong at all the jet manufacturers in FLYING’s Buyers Guide, storm clouds rapidly are forming in Europe. Climate change activists cut the airport security fence at Geneva International Airport (LSGG) in May and chained themselves to aircraft on display at the European Business Aviation Convention& Exhibition, calling for a total ban on private jets, decrying them as “toxic objects” and carrying signs that read, “Warning: Private Jets Drown Our Hope.”

Another environmental group sprayed orange paint on a Citation CJ1 at Sylt, Germany, in June, and a third splattered yellow paint over an Embraer Phenom 300E at Ibiza, Spain, in July, unfurling a banner that read, “Your Luxury = Our Climate Crisis.”

Dassault fully understands the threats posed by environmental protesters in Europe, warning that aviation bashing often translates into government regulatory policies. Amsterdam’s Schiphol Airport (EHAM), for instance, plans to ban private jets after 2025. Dassault officials counter that all 2,100 Falcon Jets in service produce the same emissions as a single day of internet video streaming.

To put business jet aviation emissions into perspective, it’s constructive to first look at global energy-related carbon dioxide emissions. In 2022, the total was 36.8 billion metric tons, according to the International Energy Agency. IAE says aviation represents 2 percent of total CO2 emissions, or 736 million metric tons. ICAO also quotes a 2 percent aviation share, based upon research conducted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. GAMA claims that business aviation represents 2 percent of all aircraft emissions, or 14.7 million metric tons.

The World Health Organization, in contrast, reports the tobacco industry emits 84 million metric tons of CO2 every year, more than 5.7 times as much as business aviation. FLYING knows of no climate change activists who are protesting cigarette smoking.

“There’s [an] angle of class warfare here,” says Epstein, the Bank of America analyst.

Says another business aviation veteran: “Business jet owners are targeted as fat cats that don’t have to go through TSA. It’s not yet an existential threat in the U.S. But what happens in Europe eventually comes here.”

In light of growing public sentiment regarding the carbon impact of private jets, the business aviation industry has committed to slashing total CO2 emissions by 50 percent by 2050 compared to 2005. Transitioning from fossil fuel to sustainable aviation fuel (SAF or bio jet-A) can reduce overall aircraft CO2 emissions by 80 percent, according to the International Air Transport Association. Some SAF advocates claim up to 90 percent reduction, depending upon the bio feedstocks and production processes.

The challenges to making the jump from fossil jet-A to SAF are immense. Currently, the aviation industry uses close to 100 billion gallons of jet-A annually but only 14 million gallons is SAF, the majority of which was purchased by business jet operators, according to Timothy Obitts, CEO of Alder Fuels, a leading sustainable fuels company in Virginia. One big hurdle to scaling up SAF production is price. The wholesale cost of biojet is up to three times as much as fossil fuel, so FBOs are bound to charge a substantial premium for it, squeezing the already tight budgets of many light jet operators.

• READ MORE: Business Aviation Industry Groups Aim to Speed Adoption of SAF

“Scaling up production of SAF is beyond the scope of business aviation,” says Epstein. “It’s not happening anytime soon. It’s going to take a massive investment by government. And then business aviation can ride on the coattails.”

However, the underpinnings of the business jet sector remain strong.

“People want to travel by air,” Epstein says. “The industry needs to be aware of climate change pressures and manage them. Climate change activists aren’t the ones buying business jets.”

The post Jets: Reaching the Service Ceiling appeared first on FLYING Magazine.

The groups said their joint initiative aims to encourage aircraft operators to use a stepped approach while incrementally increasing SAF use at a higher rate than mandated under existing regulations such as the ReFuelEU aviation initiative.

The plan outlines “ambitious yet achievable targets,” GAMA and EBAA said, starting with a goal of 5 percent SAF usage by 2025. Subsequent goals include increases in SAF use to 20 percent by 2030, 60 percent by 2040, 80 percent by 2045, and 100 percent SAF adoption by 2050. 

• READ MORE: GAMA Hosts Pre-Brief on Life After EPA’s Ruling on Leaded Aviation Fuel

In recognition of SAF’s limited availability in certain parts of the world, GAMA and EBAA are promoting a system of “book and claim” that would allow operators to purchase credits when the fuel is not available. Under this system, they could claim benefits of SAF when aircraft in other regions are using it.

“This initiative is a testament to our industry’s dedication to sustainability,” said EBAA secretary general Holger Krahmer. “We are not just meeting regulatory requirements. We are setting higher standards for ourselves and leading by example. It’s crucial that we support the development and distribution of SAF, and the ‘book [and] claim’ system is a crucial tool allowing for an accelerated uptake of sustainable fuels.”

The EBAA and GAMA said their initiative arrives as pressure increases for the aviation industry to reduce its carbon footprint. Establishing goals beyond the minimum regulatory requirements reflects the industry groups’ commitment to net-zero operations.

“With SAF playing a key role in decarbonizing business aviation, it is vital that we work with authorities and legislators to incentivize and strengthen efforts to develop, deploy, and increase overall usage of SAF,” said GAMA president and CEO Pete Bunce. “This initiative further demonstrates the industry’s commitment to achieving our sustainability goals.”

The post Business Aviation Industry Groups Aim to Speed Adoption of SAF appeared first on FLYING Magazine.

The recent deal adds to the company’s U.S. SAF sales through its FBO at Van Nuys Airport (KVNY), which began in 2019. Jet Aviation, which is a unit of General Dynamics (NYSE: GD), said it plans to continue expanding SAF availability at its facilities. The company also offers SAF at FBOs in Amsterdam and Singapore.

• READ MORE: Gulfstream Aerospace Completes First Transatlantic Flight on 100 Percent SAF

“I am delighted to be able to offer customers traveling to Bozeman, Scottsdale, and Van Nuys the choice to fuel with SAF on-site,” said Richard Layson, vice president of regional FBO operations with Jet Aviation. “As two of the newest additions to our FBO network, Bozeman and Scottsdale represent our continued efforts to offer our customers a range of services. We will continue to partner to increase SAF access and availability across our network in areas where our supplies are easily accessible.”

Jet Aviation said it is committed to contributing to the aviation industry’s efforts toward cutting carbon emissions. The agreement with World Fuel is an example of the collaboration needed for success, the company said.

• READ MORE: Stockton Airport Partners with Atlantic Aviation, Avfuel to Offer SAF on Demand

“We are proud to partner with Jet Aviation in enabling increased access to SAF supply across their FBO network,” said Brad Hurwitz, senior vice president of fuel supply and trading at World Fuel Services. “Through actions such as these, we are collectively showing the power of collaboration in helping achieve the aviation industry’s 2050 net-zero goals. At World Fuel Services, we are focused on broadening the availability of lower carbon alternatives, and we see SAF as a key enabler for taking immediate action to support the decarbonization of air travel.”

Based in Miami, World Fuel Services is a unit of World Kinect Corp. (NYSE: WKC), a global fuel and energy management company.

The post Jet Aviation Signs Deal with World Fuel Services to Sell SAF at 2 More FBOs appeared first on FLYING Magazine.

Earlier this year, Gevo received a grant from the U.S. Department of Agriculture to support Farm-to-Flight, which the company said is designed to track and quantify the impact of “climate-smart practices” on carbon emissions and encourage farmers to adopt certain sustainable production methods.

• READ MORE: Gevo Receives USDA Grant to Accelerate Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production

Gevo said the program uses a carbon-inset model with proprietary Verity Tracking technology to measure and record greenhouse gas as part of an effort to monetize carbon reduction. The program will help Gevo incentivize farmers to employ low carbon intensity methods to grow corn as a feedstock for ethanol and SAF production.

The company said Farm-to-Flight entails adjusting farmers’ production methods with certain new practices in which producers can receive incentive payments in a three-tiered system based on increasing degrees of carbon-intensity management through methods including reduction of nitrogen use, soil-health enhancement, tillage reduction, and nutrient management. 

• READ MORE: Gevo, McDermott Agree to Develop Multiple SAF Production Facilities in North America

Gevo’s Verity program uses methods similar to the Argonne National Laboratory’s Greenhouse gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy use in Technologies model, also known as GREET, to calculate carbon intensity and mitigation in an auditable manner.

The post Gevo to Pay Farmers Incentives Under Farm-to-Flight Program appeared first on FLYING Magazine.

• READ MORE: Gulfstream Aerospace Completes First Transatlantic Flight on 100 Percent SAF

The aircraft, a Boeing 787, was equipped with Rolls-Royce Trent 1000 engines. Rolls-Royce recently confirmed that all of its current jet engines were compatible with SAF. Virgin Atlantic said the flight was “the culmination of a year of radical collaboration” aimed at demonstrating that SAF is a safe replacement for fossil-derived jet fuels.

“The world will always assume something can’t be done, until you do it. The spirit of innovation is getting out there and trying to prove that we can do things better for everyone’s benefit,” said Richard Branson, Virgin Atlantic’s founder. “I couldn’t be prouder to be on board ‘Flight100’ today alongside the teams at Virgin Atlantic and our partners, which have been working together to set the flight path for the decarbonisation of long-haul aviation.”

• READ MORE: Virgin Atlantic Takes Big Step Toward SAF-Powered Transatlantic Flight

The airline said SAF can play a significant role in the decarbonization of long-haul aviation and in moving the industry toward its goal of net-zero emissions by 2050. The fuel, made from waste products, results in carbon dioxide life cycle emissions savings of up to 70 percent while performing like traditional jet fuel.

“Virgin Atlantic has been challenging the status quo and pushing the aviation industry to never settle and do better since 1984,” Branson said. “Fast forward nearly 40 years, [and] that pioneering spirit continues to be Virgin Atlantic’s beating heart as it pushes the boundaries from carbon fiber aircraft and fleet upgrades to sustainable fuels.”

• READ MORE: Rolls-Royce Confirms All of Its Current Engines Can Run On 100 Percent SAF

The SAF used on “Flight100” is a blend of 88 percent HEFA (Hydroprocessed Esters and Fatty Acids) supplied by Air BP and 12 percent SAK (Synthetic Aromatic Kerosene) supplied by Virent, a subsidiary of Marathon Petroleum Corp. The HEFA is made from waste fats, while the SAK is derived from plant sugars.

“We are incredibly proud that our Trent 1000 engines are powering the first ever widebody flight using 100 percent sustainable aviation fuel across the Atlantic,” said Simon Burr, Rolls-Royce group director of engineering, technology and safety. “Rolls-Royce has recently completed compatibility testing of 100 percent SAF on all our in-production civil aero engine types, and this is further proof that there are no engine technology barriers to the use of 100 percent SAF. The flight represents a major milestone for the entire aviation industry in its journey toward net-zero carbon emissions.”

The post Virgin Atlantic Makes First Transatlantic Commercial Flight on 100 Percent SAF appeared first on FLYING Magazine.

The aircraft’s Pratt & Whitney PW815GA engines ran on 100 percent SAF, demonstrating aviation’s potential for wider use of renewable fuels with lower emissions of carbon, sulfur, and aromatics.

• READ MORE: Gulfstream G650 Makes Demo Flight Fueled Entirely On SAF

Gulfstream said it will use the data collected from the test flight to measure compatibility between its aircraft and future renewable fuels. The company plans to focus in particular on the fuel’s performance in cold conditions and during long-duration flights.

“Gulfstream is innovating for a sustainable future,” said Mark Burns, president of Gulfstream Aerospace. “One of the keys to reaching business aviation’s long-term decarbonization goals is the broad use of SAF in place of fossil-based jet fuel. The completion of this world-class flight helps to advance business aviation’s overarching sustainability mission and create positive environmental impacts for future generations.”

The SAF used for the test flight, which was produced by World Energy and delivered by World Fuel Services, was made from 100 percent hydroprocessed esters and fatty acids (neat HEFA). The fuel has “at least 70 percent lower lifecycle CO2 emissions” compared with fossil-based jet fuel, Gulfstream said.

• READ MORE: Gulfstream Shows Off New Fleet at NBAA 2022

“Gulfstream continues to break new ground in the sustainable aviation space, and we applaud them for completing this mission as we work to validate the compatibility of our engines with unblended SAF,” said Anthony Rossi, vice president of sales and marketing for Pratt & Whitney Canada.

Other key partners supporting the flight include Honeywell, Safran, and Eaton.

“We’d like to thank all our partners for their help in making this milestone flight happen and for their ongoing partnership in collaborating with the extended SAF community to champion the aviation industry’s path to 100 percent SAF usage,” Burns said.

The post Gulfstream Aerospace Completes First Transatlantic Flight on 100 Percent SAF appeared first on FLYING Magazine.

The company said the completion of testing fulfills a commitment it made in 2021 to show that engine technology is not a barrier to the use of 100 percent SAF. Rolls-Royce conducted a range of ground and flight tests designed to replicate operating conditions, and in each case they showed the use of 100 percent SAF does not affect the engines’ performance.

• READ MORE: Virgin Atlantic Takes Big Step Toward SAF-Powered Transatlantic Flight

A ground test of Rolls-Royce’s BR710 business jet engine at its facility in Canada marked the end of the test program. Other engines that underwent testing include the Trent 700, 800, 900, 1000,  XWB-84, XWB-97, 7000, BR725, and Pearl 700, 15 and  10X.

“Becoming the first jet engine manufacturer to publicly confirm all our in-production engines for long-haul aircraft and business jets are compatible with 100 percent SAF is an important milestone for both Rolls-Royce and the wider aviation industry,” said Tufan Erginbilgic, CEO of Rolls-Royce. “It’s also further evidence of our commitment to becoming a net-zero company by 2050 and supporting our customers to do the same.”

• READ MORE: Stockton Airport Partners with Atlantic Aviation, Avfuel to Offer SAF on Demand

Rolls-Royce said it has also ensured the sustainable operation of its new UltraFan engine demonstrator, which made its first test run earlier this year using 100 percent SAF. Later this month Virgin Atlantic plans to make the first transatlantic flight using 100 percent SAF, with a Boeing 787 equipped with Rolls-Royce Trent 1000 engines.

“The world’s journey to decarbonizing flight is powered by British innovation and backed by the U.K. government, meaning people can continue to travel how they want, in a way that’s fit for the future,” said U.K. Transport Secretary Mark Harper. “[This] news demonstrates that Rolls-Royce and the U.K. are global leaders in decarbonizing transport, taking us one step closer to Jet Zero.”

Sustainable Aviation Fuel Gains Traction

SAF shows great promise for driving aviation’s continued improvement in fuel efficiency and emissions reduction, in part because it can be used as a simple “drop-in” alternative to conventional jet fuel. Rolls-Royce estimates that a combination of the latest, most-efficient gas turbines operating on 100 percent SAF could contribute about 80 percent of  the “total solution” for reaching net-zero flying by 2050.

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